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UK GDPR Data Protection Act

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

2018

Privacy

Overview

The UK GDPR is the United Kingdom's data protection framework that came into effect on January 1, 2021, following Brexit. It mirrors the EU's GDPR with modifications to reflect domestic laws under the Data Protection Act 2018. The regulation governs the collection, processing, and storage of personal data and applies to all organizations that handle the personal information of UK residents.
It introduces requirements around consent, transparency, data minimization, and accountability. Financial institutions, e-commerce businesses, insurers, healthcare providers, government agencies, and data processors must comply with rules on data subject rights, lawful processing, and international transfers. The Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) oversees enforcement.

Key Obligations

  • Obtain explicit, informed consent for data processing
  • Ensure transparency and lawful basis for data use
  • Provide data subjects with access, correction, and erasure rights
  • Appoint a Data Protection Officer (DPO) where required
  • Report data breaches to the ICO within 72 hours
  • Limit cross-border transfers unless adequate safeguards exist

FAQ

Does UK GDPR apply to companies outside the UK?

Yes, if they offer goods or services to, or monitor behavior of, individuals in the UK.

What rights do individuals have under UK GDPR?

They have rights to access, rectify, erase, restrict, and object to the use of their data.

What is the role of the ICO?

The ICO enforces UK GDPR, investigates breaches, and issues penalties.

Are there exemptions for small businesses?

While some recordkeeping exemptions exist, all businesses must comply with core requirements.