NACHA ACH Operating Rules
United States
1974
Payments
Overview
The NACHA ACH Operating Rules are the official governance framework for the Automated Clearing House (ACH) network in the United States, administered by Nacha (National Automated Clearing House Association). These rules, in effect since the 1970s and updated annually, standardize how electronic payments such as direct deposits, bill payments, and business-to-business transfers are processed.They apply to banks, credit unions, fintech companies, payment processors, payroll providers, and other entities participating in the ACH network, either as Originating Depository Financial Institutions (ODFIs) or Receiving Depository Financial Institutions (RDFIs).
Key Obligations
- Enforce authorization and authentication requirements for ACH debits and credits
- Follow settlement and return timelines for all transaction types
- Comply with Same Day ACH rules and dollar limits
- Conduct risk assessments and implement fraud detection systems
- Use correct Standard Entry Class (SEC) codes for transaction classification
- Support consumer rights for error resolution and unauthorized claims
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