Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU)
Overview
An FIU is a national agency that receives, analyzes, and disseminates financial intelligence (SAR/STRs, cross-border reports) to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. Examples include FinCEN (US), FIU-IND (India), and NCA-UK’s UKFIU. FIUs issue guidance, typologies, and feedback that inform institutional controls and training.They collaborate internationally via the Egmont Group, enabling cross-border intelligence sharing. Regulated entities must submit timely, high-quality reports with clear narratives and supporting data. FIUs evaluate effectiveness, identify emerging threats, and coordinate with law enforcement. Strong relationships between institutions and FIUs improve outcomes, reduce systemic risk, and enhance the credibility of national AML regimes.
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