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UK Money Laundering Regulations

United Kingdom

United Kingdom

2017

AML/CFT

Overview

The Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing and Transfer of Funds (Information on the Payer) Regulations 2017, commonly referred to as the UK Money Laundering Regulations, form the core AML/CFT framework in the United Kingdom. Enacted to align with the EU's Fourth and Fifth Anti-Money Laundering Directives, these regulations remain in force post-Brexit, with periodic amendments by HM Treasury.They set out obligations for banks, financial institutions, estate agents, accountants, legal professionals, cryptoasset businesses, and other regulated entities to prevent, detect, and report money laundering and terrorist financing.

Key Obligations

  • Perform customer due diligence (CDD) and enhanced due diligence (EDD) where applicable
  • Identify and verify the beneficial owner of customers
  • Maintain accurate records of customer identity and transactions
  • Monitor transactions and report suspicious activity to the National Crime Agency (NCA)
  • Appoint a nominated officer and establish internal controls and staff training
  • Conduct a firm-wide money laundering risk assessment

FAQ

Who must comply with the UK Money Laundering Regulations?

Compliance is mandatory for banks, accountants, solicitors, estate agents, trust service providers, and cryptoasset exchange providers.

What is enhanced due diligence (EDD)?

EDD is required when dealing with high-risk customers, such as politically exposed persons (PEPs) or clients in high-risk jurisdictions.

Are crypto firms subject to these regulations?

Yes. Since January 2020, cryptoasset exchange providers and custodian wallet providers are regulated under these AML rules.

What are the penalties for non-compliance?

Breaches can result in civil penalties, criminal prosecution, and loss of authorization by the FCA or other supervisory bodies.