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GLBA Privacy Rule Regulation P

United States

1999

Privacy

Overview

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) Privacy Rule, implemented as Regulation P in 2000, requires financial institutions to protect consumer financial information and provide privacy notices about data practices. The rule ensures consumers understand how their personal financial data is collected, used, and shared, granting opt-out rights for certain information sharing with non-affiliated third parties.

The regulation applies to banks, credit unions, securities firms, insurance companies, mortgage lenders, payday lenders, auto finance companies, and fintech firms handling consumer financial information. Modern financial institutions increasingly rely on digital identity verification solutions to ensure GLBA compliance while streamlining customer onboarding processes. It serves as a cornerstone of U.S. data privacy compliance, working alongside the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) and supporting broader consumer protection frameworks.

Key Obligations

Provide initial and annual privacy notices to consumers describing data-sharing practices
Allow consumers to opt out of sharing nonpublic personal information with non-affiliated third parties
Limit disclosures of sensitive data to what is legally permissible and necessary for business purposes

Ensure service providers handling consumer data comply with privacy safeguards
Maintain written policies to protect customer data and align with the GLBA Safeguards Rule

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Related Regulations

GLBA Safeguards Rule Compliance

FCRA Credit Reporting Regulation

UDAAP Dodd-Frank Consumer Protection

FAQ

Who enforces the GLBA Privacy Rule?

The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), federal banking agencies, and state regulators, depending on the institution.

Do consumers always have the right to opt out?

Yes, when information is shared with non-affiliated third parties, but not when sharing is required by law or with service providers.

What industries are impacted?

Banks, credit unions, insurers, securities firms, mortgage lenders, auto finance companies, and fintech providers.

What are the penalties for non-compliance?

Civil monetary penalties, regulatory enforcement actions, and reputational harm.