HIPAA PHI Privacy & Security

United States

1996

Privacy

Cybersecurity

Overview

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), enacted in 1996, established national standards for protecting the privacy and security of Protected Health Information (PHI). The HIPAA Privacy Rule (2003) governs the use and disclosure of PHI, giving patients rights over their health information, while the HIPAA Security Rule (2005)requires safeguards to protect electronic PHI (ePHI) from unauthorized access, alteration, or breaches. The HITECH Act (2009) and subsequent Omnibus Rule (2013) further strengthened patient rights, breach notification, and enforcement measures.

These rules apply to healthcare providers, health plans, clearinghouses, and their business associates, including hospitals, clinics, insurers, billing services, IT vendors, and cloud service providers that handle PHI. Together, they form the backbone of U.S. healthcare data protection law, balancing the need for secure data sharing in care delivery with strict privacy and security requirements.

Key Obligations

FAQ

Related Regulations

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